quid est?

Cerdic probably knew his declensions and spoke Welsh when he was upset. 'In 495 he was described as ealdorman which at that point in time was a fairly junior rank. Furthermore, it is not until 519 that Cerdic is recorded as "beginning to reign", suggesting that he ceased being an 'ealdorman' and became an independent king in his own right.' 'Caesar Cerdic' was a bit much so 'Kynge Cerdic' it was.

A composite of various relics may clarify a particular detail. It appears that Hadrian was one who carried the 'ship of state' idea to Britain. There are several examples of a ship rudder. These are with Hadrian on a coin, Fortuna sculpted at Castlecary Scotland and Salus inscribed in Wales (where the Hadrian coin was found). Fortuna and Salus are inscribed together at Chester. 'Salus was often represented on coins and art, like Fortuna, with a rudder and a globe at her feet, indicating her responsibility for steering the state for the good of the people.' Hadrian. https://www.flickr.com/photos/museumwales/5950606340/ The coin was struck in AD 119/121and found in Wales. This was the year before he visited Britain . Salus' right foot is on a globe, holding a rudder upwards in her left hand. It's also Hadrian's coin and dated 119-123. https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/object/C_R-9382 So Salus is evidently a gubernator, steering the state with Fortuna. Then Fortuna on the Fenwick Hoard has the powers of Jupiter and Victory, as a military deity.https://colchester.cimuseums.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2019/04/Fenwick-Hoard-Teachers-notes.pdf p.9. 1 silver armlet (or armillae). Then finally, Fortuna at Castlecary fort would be steering the military fortunes of state with her rudder. https://www.flickr.com/photos/dandiffendale/26258772660 Is this evidence for the 'ship of state' and its emphasis for the military sense, which naturally means the naval ships?

If all roads lead to Rome, then they also lead from Rome. So where was the place? The Milliarium Aureum, that's where. Constantinople also had one at the centre of the world. People need to know where they stand. And Hadrian was the captain of the ship of state, as gubernator. He has his own rudder to prove it. https://www.flickr.com/photos/museumwales/5950606340/ Every emperor needs a rudder. We know this because of Plutarch: Caesar 28.4. 'Often, too, they would defile the rostra with blood and corpses before they separated, leaving the city to anarchy like a ship drifting about without a steersman, so that men of understanding were content if matters issued in nothing worse for them than monarchy, after such madness and so great a tempest.'