Lingua Latina Latest Topicshttps://www.unrv.com/forum/forum/34-lingua-latina/Lingua Latina Latest TopicsenSpoken Latinhttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/20140-spoken-latin/ ...Interesting , Informative interview with Luke Ranieri, teacher & You-tuber of ancient Latin & Greek 

Here's a wide selection of videos in Latin by Luke and others https://duckduckgo.com/?t=avast&q=spoken+latin&iax=videos&ia=videos They give us an idea of what the Romans must have sounded like.

And then there's this video to learn Latin while you sleep https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nFN2a30_Bmo Let us know (In Latin) if it works for you....Bona fortuna.

 

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20140Tue, 09 Jan 2024 10:44:48 +0000
Translation Requesthttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/18601-translation-request/ Hello to all,

How could I translate the folowing text:

"Praeteritis rerum, bifrons Prudentia, rebus / Elicio, et cauta pondero mente sagax."

 

Thanks and advance!

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18601Fri, 19 Jan 2018 17:31:43 +0000
Amphora inscription decipheredhttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/20070-amphora-inscription-deciphered/ IMG_1146.thumb.jpeg.dbb0ff0c6c4c0936ab82703b3b618ecf.jpeg
 

IMG_1144.jpeg.95919de3b76e926f7bcce0173f4bba35.jpeg

 

A fragment of Roman amphora found in Spain was found to have an inscription of Virgil’s Georgics, which dealt with rural and agricultural themes. 
The amphora shard was initially found seven years ago, but only recently was it translated.

 

IMG_1145.thumb.jpeg.1e50cbca2484a31935cdba48c6118d63.jpeg

 

The full passage reads:

 

 

Quote

 

Quid faciat laetas segetes, quo sidere terram

uertere, Maecenas, ulmisque adiungere uitis

conueniat, quae cura boum, qui cultus habendo

sit pecori, apibus quanta experientia parcis,

HINC Canere Incipiam. Uos, or Clarissima Mundi 5

lumina, labentem caelo quae ducitis annum;

Liber et alma Ceres, uestro si munere tellus

Chaoniam pingui glandem mutauit arista,

poculaque inuentis Acheloia miscuit uuis;

et uos, agrestum praesentia numina, Fauni 10

(ferte simul Faunique pedem Dryadesque puellae:

Munera Uestra Cano);

 

 

 

Quote

 

O you brightest lights of the universe

that lead the passing year through the skies,

Bacchus and kindly Ceres, since by your gifts

fat wheat ears replaced Chaonian acorns,

and mixed Achelous’ water with newly discovered wine,

and you, fauns, the farmer’s local gods,

(come dance, together, fauns and dryad girls!)

your gifts I sing.

 

 

https://amp.theguardian.com/science/2023/jun/21/virgil-quote-found-on-fragment-of-roman-jar-unearthed-in-spain

 

https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smart-news/virgil-quote-roman-jar-180982426/

 

https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-roman-archaeology/article/las-georgicas-de-virgilio-in-figlinis-a-proposito-de-un-grafito-ante-cocturam-sobre-un-anfora-olearia-betica/742CDE20EED6987767C896C2A1F01739

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20070Thu, 05 Oct 2023 20:43:46 +0000
Modern pronunciation of 'Cicero'https://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/19735-modern-pronunciation-of-cicero/ Why do moderns pronounce 'Cicero' with a soft 'c'?

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19735Tue, 01 Nov 2022 14:06:52 +0000
Famous Quoteshttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/2304-famous-quotes/Anyone know of some sites that have famous quoates from the roman times? doesnt necessarily have to be roman quoates, anyhting from that time period will do. There are some awesome one on rome total war so i just wanna see if there are more cool ones :D Thanks.

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2304Thu, 20 Oct 2005 23:52:05 +0000
General, sir, lord, master...https://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/19073-general-sir-lord-master/ I was wondering how ancient Romans would have addressed people depending on their social status or their rank in the legion. I know that 'Domine' (vocative form of dominus) can mean master (of a slave), lord or sir. But is there any other word that would convey the nuance between the various English appellations? How would a noble patrician be called by say an plebeian eques? 

How would legionaries call their officers? Would it be domine equally for a centurion, a tribune, a legate or the army's general? Or would they call them by their title only?

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19073Wed, 28 Jul 2021 08:46:49 +0000
Latin accents in the ancient worldhttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/19513-latin-accents-in-the-ancient-world/ Here is a wonderful article on the Latin accents in the ancient world by classical language expert professor Wolfgang de Melo of Oxford.

 

Quote

When people respect or mock specific accents, and when they describe some as correct and others as having vitia ʻfaults’, this can lead to confidence or anxiety in people whose speech deviates from what is deemed the norm. We can observe such anxieties in the emperor Lucius Septimius Severus, born in 145 in Leptis Magna, a city located in present-day Libya. His father was Phoenician, speaking Punic, a Semitic language closely related to Hebrew, while his mother was Italian, and when he became ruler in 193, he made history by being the first provincial to occupy this position: provincial not just by place of birth, but also by his paternal ancestry. Septimius Severus had native fluency in Punic, but he was also educated in Latin and Greek. His sister, on the other hand, had not received the same degree of education, and when she came to visit her brother, the emperor, in Rome, her lack of language skills caused him severe embarrassment, as the Historia Augusta reports (Sept. Sev. 15.7): cum soror sua Leptitana ad eum venisset vix Latine loquens ac de illa multum imperator erubesceret … redire mulierem in patriam praecepit (“when his sister from Leptis had come to him, barely speaking any Latin, and the emperor was deeply embarrassed about her… he ordered the woman to return to her country”). We don’t know much about what Septimius Severus sounded like himself, but for an emperor it must have been awkward to have a sister around who could not communicate in the language of the ruling classes.

 

 

 

https://antigonejournal.com/2022/05/latin-accent/

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19513Sun, 08 May 2022 19:02:48 +0000
Latin at Vindolandahttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/19765-latin-at-vindolanda/ RomCurs.png?resize=700%2C461&ssl=1

 

The tablets of Vindolanda, Britain of been a source of great insight to daily life in Roman Britain. We have discussed this valuable resource in previous posts before. (See below.)

Research has given new understanding about the development of the Latin language:

Quote

 

The cursive scripts in Latin documents from this period have traditionally been classified by experts in palaeography into two main categories: Old Roman Cursive (ORC), prevalent in the 1st and 2nd centuries AD and late into the 3rd century, and New Roman Cursive (NRC), which is well attested from the 4th century AD, but is thought to have its origins in the late 3rd.

All of the writing tablets from Roman Britain will belong chronogically to the family of ORC scripts. Even before the discovery of the ink-written leaf tablets at Vindolanda and Carlisle (c. AD 70–130), it had been proposed that there were certain developments and changes in the character and style of the scripts in the early 2nd century AD which are important in relation to the later appearance of NRC.

In the newly-acquired evidence of the Romano-British tablets, including those on metal, we see ORC scripts of the first two centuries using letter forms which were critical for the development of NRC. So the steadily-accumulating evidence from Roman Britain has undermined the idea of clear chronological demarcation of script types, and supports the view that the move to NRC was an evolving process in the 2nd and 3rd centuries, rather than a change in which stylistic canons were imposed – in other words, more of a continuum than a sharp break. What is just as remarkable is that the limited amount of evidence on Latin papyri from Egypt and the Middle East suggests similar trajectories of development at either end of the Empire.

 

 

 

The Romano-British Writing Tablets of Vindolanda – Antigone (antigonejournal.com)

 

Here is a link to the Roman inscriptions found in Vindolanda:

 

Vindolanda Tablets - Home | Roman Inscriptions of Britain

 

 

 

 

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19765Sun, 04 Dec 2022 20:21:10 +0000
A Prize to Scholars for Deciphering Etruscanhttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/19258-a-prize-to-scholars-for-deciphering-etruscan/ I'm working with a nonprofit that is sponsoring the "Etruscan Prize." $1 million for an archaeologist who finds a sufficient new inscription that allows for the deciphering of the Etruscan language, and $1 million for the linguist that actually deciphers it.

Such prizes have motivated discovery in the past, for things like calculating longitude and pioneering transatlantic flight.

All the information can be found here: A Prize to Scholars for Deciphering Etruscan.

Our specific ask is you help spread the word by sharing it on all your social media: blog, Facebook, Twitter, mailing list, and so on. Please send us the links to your posts or tweets as well.

If there are any questions, please let me know by emailing me here. Thank you.

Sincerely,

Curt Alliaume
Email: decipheringetruscan@gmail.com

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19258Tue, 23 Nov 2021 17:25:53 +0000
Latin: Ovid's Tour of Rome - Tristia 3.1https://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/18884-latin-ovids-tour-of-rome-tristia-31/  

(Thank you "An Italian Archaeologist in Scotland" for bringing this to our attention)

 

Here's a delightful rendition of Ovid's Tristia 3.1 in Latin (with English subtitles).

Quote

This is a condensed version of the lecture I gave at GrecoLatinoVivo's Lilium2 in September 2019. In this video, we read Ovid's Tristia 3.1 for which I simplify the Latin for language learners and I provide a visual representation of the very path he follows on this imagined tour of Rome. Each verse or pair of verses is first presented on a separate screen free of my voice so that teachers can pause the video and analyze the text with students. After each verse I provide a visual representation of it as well as a simplified prose version in Latin.


 

The background on Ovid's Tristia is very poignant:

Quote

The Tristia ("Sorrows" or "Lamentations") is a collection of letters written in elegiac couplets by the Augustan poet Ovid during his exile from Rome. Despite five books of his copious bewailing of his fate, the immediate cause of Augustus's banishment of the most acclaimed living Latin poet to Pontus in AD 8 remains a mystery.  He spent several years in the outpost of Tomis and died without ever returning to Rome.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tristia

Ovid's final lament in Book 3 during his permanent exile is truly unforgetable:

https://www.poetryintranslation.com/PITBR/Latin/OvidTristiaBkThree.php

 

Quote

But make sure my bones are brought back in a little urn:

so I’ll not be an exile still in death.

No one forbids that: Theban Antigone buried

her brother’s body under the earth, despite the king.

and, mixing leaves and nard with my bones,

bury them in ground near the city:

and carve these lines in fine letters on the marble

for the hurried eyes of passers-by to read:

 

I LIE HERE, WHO TOYED WITH TENDER LOVE,

OVID THE POET BETRAYED BY MY GENIUS:

BE NOT SEVERE, LOVER, AS YOU PASS BY,

SAY ‘EASY MAY THE BONES OF OVID LIE’

 

That suffices for an epitaph. In fact my books

are a greater and a lasting monument,

those, I know, though they’ve injured him

will give their author fame and enduring life.

 

Summary: This is an entertaining rendition of a portion of the more obscure but delightful poem "Tristia" by Ovid.

Thanks, again, Italian Archaeologist in Scotland for bringing this to our attention.

 

guy also known as gaius

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18884Wed, 24 Feb 2021 00:23:42 +0000
A Quick Latin Fixhttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/18839-a-quick-latin-fix/  

 

Quote

Spoken Roman Latin, from TV Show "Barbarians". Language of the Roman Empire.

 

 

I love these responses:

Quote
The classical Latin pronunciation is definitely correct! However, as an Italian, I cannot laugh about how strong is the present-day Rome accent of the actor. I guess that makes it even more "authentic" for non-Italians somehow!
Quote
The German therfore was on point, but it was modern german. 100% not the way people spoke 2.000 years ago
Quote
“What did he say?” “Blessed are the cheese makers, I think?”

 

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18839Thu, 31 Dec 2020 01:56:18 +0000
Basic Introduction to Latin: How Latin Workshttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/18753-basic-introduction-to-latin-how-latin-works/ A nice basic video on Latin for those of us who either failed at learning Latin or never attempted:

 

 

guy also known as gaius

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18753Wed, 06 May 2020 23:31:45 +0000
Book: Long Live Latinhttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/18730-book-long-live-latin/ Here is an interesting review of a new book:

 

Quote

Oxford professor Nicola Gardini urges people to read and study Latin. He believes that Latin is the antidote for the modern age, which seems transfixed by the spontaneous, the easy, and the ephemeral.

His new book, Long Live Latin: The Pleasures of a Useless Language, argues that Latin combines truth and beauty with the timelessness of art. People should study Latin for all the reasons people should read literature.

 

https://www.nationalreview.com/2019/11/book-review-long-live-latin-pleasures-of-a-dead-language/

 

 

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18730Mon, 11 Nov 2019 18:56:31 +0000
The Language of Ancient Romehttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/18594-the-language-of-ancient-rome/ It has always fascinated me that while the Roman Empire lasted (in unison) from 27 B.C. - A.D. 395, that the language prevalent in Rome, namely Latin, has remained so pervasive. It would appear to me, that English, which has numerous elements of Latin in it, (up to 80% Latin), remains the most universally spoken language that there is. In addition, it would appear to me, that the reason for this, is the easily acquired sounds and associations associated with the English language. Furthermore, the Romance languages of Spanish, French, Italian, Romanian, Portuguese, and Italian appear to be the second languages most sought after by students in the United States.

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18594Sun, 31 Dec 2017 21:50:05 +0000
Question about Latin and Tradehttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/18493-question-about-latin-and-trade/Hi everyone!

 

I have a Latin-related question that has been buggering me for a long time now, maybe some of you could help me out?
(And yes, I have tried google many MANY times, but haven't come up with an answer yet.. :-/ )

 

This is the question; 

How did Latin spread through trade?

 

I know many traders learned the language by selling their wares to the roman military, but I’m guessing there were a lot more possibilities for traders to learn Latin. Also, how did the language spread from those traders to other non-latin speaking communities?

 

Could you help me out please? 
(Or help me find some usefull links?)
Thanks!

 

 

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18493Sun, 26 Feb 2017 16:49:04 +0000
Etruscan alphabethttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/18485-etruscan-alphabet/What does the Etruscan alphabet look like and what are its antecedents?

 

It's hard to get a straight answer out of the wikipedia.  https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Etruscan_language

 

It appears the best answer for the language is that it is semitic.  The best answer for the alphabet is that it is semitic as well?  But semites used ideograms!  If the alphabet is derived from Greek, let's see the symbols.

 

If I understand correctly, semitic is a famly of languages that came to dominate the middle east after the old kingdom/new kingdom break.  I suppose it would be a transfer of dominance from Sumer to Akkad in the middle east.  The dominate semitic dialect became Akkadian, but I haven't had enough time to read everything I want to and I never will.  As Gandalf said, there is never enough time.

 

Anyway, has anyone ever compared Etruscan to Egyptian?  I'm shooting in the dark, but so is the wikipedia.

 

Isn't pharaoh "Great House" in Etruscan?

 

What was the "real" title of the Egyptian ruler?  I'm going to head to the library and check worldbook.  I know it used to be there.  It starts with an 'm'?

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18485Wed, 11 Jan 2017 06:30:58 +0000
Ancient Greek manuscripts reveal life lessons from the Roman empirehttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/18366-ancient-greek-manuscripts-reveal-life-lessons-from-the-roman-empire/Newly translated textbooks from the second and sixth centuries aimed at language learners also provide pointers on shopping, bathing, dining and how to deal with drunk relatives.

 

Professor Eleanor Dickey travelled around Europe to view the scraps of material that remain from ancient Latin school textbooks, or colloquia, which would have been used by young Greek speakers in the Roman empire learning Latin between the second and sixth centuries AD. The manuscripts, which Dickey has brought together and translated into English for the first time in her forthcoming book Learning Latin the Ancient Way: Latin Textbooks in the Ancient World, lay out everyday scenarios to help their readers get to grips with life in Latin. Subjects range from visiting the public baths to arriving at school late – and dealing with a sozzled close relative...

 

via The Guardian

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18366Wed, 24 Feb 2016 04:28:32 +0000
Roman Numerals: There's Hope Yethttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/18358-roman-numerals-theres-hope-yet/While watching the Super Bowl, I was disappointed to see that they had replaced the Roman numeral "L" with 50:no:

 

I despaired at the dumbing down of the Western World after reading this article linked earlier at UNRV:

"Rome finally abandons 'too complicated' Roman numerals"

http://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/worldnews/europe/italy/11758563/Rome-finally-abandons-too-complicated-Roman-numerals.html

 

http://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/18232-rome-finally-abandons-too-complicated-roman-numerals/

 

 

Fortunately, this change in the use of Roman numerals at the Super Bowl is only for the 50th anniversary game. Next year's game will be LI. Any education, even unintended, is a good thing.

 

http://profootballtalk.nbcsports.com/2014/06/04/nfl-ditches-roman-numerals-for-super-bowl-50-logo/

 

 

There's hope, yet.  B)

 

 

guy also known as gaius

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18358Sat, 13 Feb 2016 20:03:57 +0000
How to find Latin inscriptions without out physical access to CILhttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/10609-how-to-find-latin-inscriptions-without-out-physical-access-to-cil/Getting reliable information on what an inscription really say can be tricky. Most photographs are taken head on with no side lightning (which would create great shadows that reveal the inscription) and some letters may be very difficult to make out. The only really good way to cover your back when working with inscriptions is therefore to use CIL or ILS (there are also other minor works, but I cannot go through them all). Here's a trick to help you out if you're looking for a fairly known inscription (remember that the Wikipedia copies are wrong all the time, I've corrected more than one):


First of all, for everyone not familiar with CIL and ILS.


CIL stand for Corpus Inscriptionum Latinarum and it's, as the name indicate, a collection of inscription which is gathered by the Königlich Preussische Akademie der Wissenschaften. The work began in 1853 and contain around 180.000 inscription at present, many which have been destroyed since they were recorded (this is especially true about the volumes containing a lot of graffiti). The physical form (i.e. books) are very expensive, most libraries cannot afford buying them and if they do buy them, they'll be very protective about them. Any inscription in CIL will be identified by two numbers, volume and id (e.g.: CIL VI 1188). Remember that CIL is written in Latin.


ILS (inscriptiones latinae selectae) is a more selective publication series. They take up specific example - far fewer than CIL (never the less a great number). ILS inscriptions are simply identified by an ILS number (e.g. ILS 797).


Now to the real deal here: How to find the inscription youre looking for without the physical books (which are tremendously difficult to find a specific inscription in, indices are all but nonexistent). First of all you need to find a CIL or ILS number, this is the really tricky part. If you have a random tombstone, milestone or instrumentum domesticum, quit reading here. If it's something a little bit more famous google it. I'm going to use a fairly unknown 4th century inscription as an example - what I'm looking for was a added to the Porta Maggiore by Honarius and its records the walls and gates being restored.


Now I start of by googling Porta Maggiore, then I go to Wikipedia where I find a picture of the object but no reference. Now I can't read the inscription here, but even if I could I'd want the CIL or ILS edition. Now, the English Wikipedia is much better than the other wikis in most fields - Roman history is unfortunately not one of them. If it's not there always try the Italian version. Notice that 3 of the inscriptions on this page contained typos earlier on.



Here I find a reference to CIL (CIL VI 1188). Bingo.

When you have a CIL or ILS number it'll all get very easy, especially if it's a ILS number (if so simply ignore the following step). Now go to CIL's homepage (http://cil.bbaw.de/cil_en/index_en.html). It's only partly translated from German to English and generally a miserable corner or the internet. There is however a search function (Database). This seems great, but the function really doesn't work very well at all. I have yet to find one single inscription that actually will show up. The normal answer to your search is something like: "No photographs of this inscription are available in the database. No squeezes of this inscription are available in the database. Please send any suggestions and comments to the CIL." and an invaluable " VI 1188 = VI partis I p. XIX n. 16 cf. VI 31257 et VI p. 3778 et VI p. 4334 cf. ILS 797 = Fiebiger - Schmidt 23 = Fiebiger - Schmidt 242". Bingo! You`ll now know that CIL VI 1188 = ILS 797.



This is the really important part: ILS has a working homepage. Or at least semi working one.


ILS have two functions, a search engine (which is completely useless in my opinion, but I've never really tried it out seriously) and a "show the inscription function". The later is magical if you know how to handle it. Here's a link: (http://oracle-vm.ku-eichstaett.de:8888/epigr/epieinzel_en?p_belegstelle=D+05932&r_sortierung=Belegstelle) (this link lead you to a random inscription, simply the first one I used like this). Notice the highlighted numbers.


These are the ILS identification numbers. You now know that the 4th century AD Porta Maggiore inscription is refered to as CIL VI 1188 which equals ILS 797 and that you can simply insert the ILS number in the adress like this: (http://oracle-vm.ku-eichstaett.de:8888/epigr/epieinzel_en?p_belegstelle=D+00797&r_sortierung=Belegstelle). Remember that the number is always five digits (add zeros if needed).


Voila, you've found the inscription in a reliable source and can now use it. Now I just hope that someone actually will have some use for this guide.

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10609Sat, 26 Dec 2009 20:16:55 +0000
Pronouncing Latinhttps://www.unrv.com/forum/topic/16383-pronouncing-latin/When we learn Latin in the UK nowadays we often find that some older people's pronunciation is what we might perhaps call 'traditional public school' and very unlike what we are taught now. It is also very unlike RC Church Latin, suggesting that the 'English' pronunciation changed a lot from what must have been pretty much standard during the days of Papal control. Does anyone know when this difference developed? At the Reformation? In the Tudor grammar schools? When?

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16383Fri, 09 Nov 2012 19:10:38 +0000